在网络上看见非常感动的视频，感动来源并非视频本身，而是里面折射出的精神世界。在今天的社会现实里，所有人都在考虑如何好好生存下去，而生存和生活是完全不同的两个概念，生存是为了活着，很辛苦。生活却应更好的活。似乎对于这里的人来説，生命所要承担的东西实在太多，吃喝穿戴，孩子，房，車，老人，生活……，但我们却又不能要求太多，因为这里所有的人都需要为GDP做贡献，從出生开始便被灌输服从，接受，奉献，无私，热爱，适应等各种思想，但却从来不教授人们应该從生活從这片土地中得到什么。因为这里的人，一生都应该毫无索取的工作劳动。

從大到小，就我个人而言，也时常有人告诉应该适应现状这种老生常谈的话题。是的，一个人的意识与力量微弱到可以忽略不计但是當这点点滴滴汇集到一起的时候就能愈发影响世人，當这个世界上大部分的人因这种影响而改变，那么所谓那些现状也都会不同了。能有这种敏锐觉悟的人還真不多，不是他们不愿意，而是他们想不到，完全无概念。多年的奴化教育已让人仅存愚忠。

这段讓我看了无数遍的视频，终于讓人感受到那拨云见日的久违阳光，從刚开始仅仅几个人，到后来大队人马，越来越多的加入到他们的行列中。看见路人脸上发自内心的笑，让人心存感动。在那个时候不管是路边闲逛的父母，孩子，还是商店店员，亦或是老人，这些人脸上的笑容，是在今天这样的现状中无法見到的。整条街上，终于讓人体会到和谐的深刻内涵。短短几分钟內，没有了贫富差距，学历高低，地域分别，所有人内心那根小琴弦的跳动，那样轻快。他们忘却房贷，孩童抚养，油价高涨，毒奶粉，地沟油，天灾，人祸……。至少在这短短几分钟內，不会有人出來説：哪个讓你们直播的，也不会有人問是替人民说话还是替党说话，更不会有人对着镜头大喊买房就是爱国。他们留下的是那融合的身影，这便是人性，人性生活的根本就是追求那份简单快乐，无忧无虑，可以自由的表达个人情绪及喜怒哀乐，只有这份单纯的追求才是人性真正应该追求的东西。

人生短的眨眼间灰飞烟灭，生命的意义绝对不在于背负各种债务，担忧生活健康和各种无私奉献，生活是属于每个人自己，也是每个人最宝贵的私人财产。人人都应该使用一切正确的方式讓自己过的更好，從生理以及心理上自由成长。不能依赖于某一特定物体，因为愚忠早已成就很多人的精神残疾。应该明辨是非，寻找自己最理想畅快的生命内涵，这才真正的天性解放，人性关爱。

搭公车回家的路上遇見红灯，车流拥停在繁华路口，车厢里不是很挤，但人人都显出无精打采的疲态。今天走了不少路，像泄气皮球一样靠在车门边的栏杆上，旁边一辆载货的破旧面包车，一点点挤到大公车身边，驾驶座上那个中年男人，贪婪的一口口吞咽着大半截香烟，還时不时将手探出窗外弹落烟灰，看見五个手指头留下的指甲，以为他是否在修炼一种叫做九阴白骨爪的武功。漫长的红灯倒数着结束，车身如同蹒跚老人一般慢慢挪动起来。对小面包说再见，其实就是永远不见。抬起左手，透过车窗里投进的阳光，查看前两天被书页割破的伤口，真是一件伤人于无形的武器。不是太深的伤口愈合很快，直接伸进背包口袋里找水喝，现在宝特瓶的造型還真是越来越装范儿起来。

回来之前已经是第2次去手机店里做售后维修，不知道这个只要1个小时就能解决的问题，還要再跑多少次，这么凉爽的天气，最适宜在家睡觉，客服中心里總能见到三三兩兩一边奔跑一边咆哮的孩子。穿着拖鞋的中年人啪唧啪唧的挤到柜台前，问刚才出去了下现在能不能让他先行办理。站在楼梯口背着双手的人们，不知道在等待什么，让原本就比较狭窄的楼梯更加拥挤，休息区的电视上正在播放枪战片，刀光剑影，机枪扫射，血肉横飞，只是沒有声音，不过從大家仰面45度的表情上可以看出他们满足中夹杂着少许意犹未尽。座位旁一个小朋友撕心裂肺的大声呼叫着妈妈，音色凄厉的要使六月飞霜，妈妈赶紧哄两句，又继续向45度角方向仰望，不一会儿又是一阵鬼哭狼嚎，并以不到1分钟的频率循环，手指上小伤口终于開始隐隐作痛，至此才真正像个伤口一样，让人感受到它的存在。

最近沒怎么露面，重新修改了部落格的模板。弄了很久，也不知道有没有疏忽遗漏的地方。这几年来颜色搭配一直是黑底白面，现在终于有些改变，这次從布局结构上完全欧美化了，還记得剛开始接触网站程序的时候，总是喜爱韩式风格的颜色搭配和网页布局。这在前两年的网站设计里是很流行的，作为外貌协会的一员，在见惯了国内种种灰头土脸毫无心思设计的网站风格之后，怎能不耳目一新趋之若鹜呢。因为本身并没有正正规规去学习网路制作方面的课程，所以直到今天摆弄起来依旧会时常遇到困难需要琢磨很久。最重要的是，失眠的毛病就從那个时候形成了，并且在往后的几年里愈演愈烈，一发不可收拾。早知如此，宁愿那时不要多看一眼，可世界上又怎会有那么多的早知呢。

其实这么多年来，网页构架的变化来来回回也就那么回事，怎样都不会有彻头彻尾的改变，变换的只是一些编码模式。最早并没有那么多讲究，只要用HTML把代码写好，然后在需要的地方插入各种函数调用。不同的人根据各自习惯对HTML的写法也是五花八门，通常一个程序员写的东西，另一个人看起来会很麻烦，因为怎么这些东西怎么个套法，只有他自己才清楚。其他人修改起来就要那么一行行去查找了，所以是一项非常浩大的工程。后来人们开始强调CSS，于是又出现了什么符合W3C标准的div+css，XHTML+css，这些我也不是很清楚，只能懵懂的了解一点点，总之时常见到有人在网站底部注释：本站基于……构架，符合W3C标准……。便跟着盲目追从起来，现在使用各种浏览器的用户越来越多元化什么 firfox(我现在主要用的)，ie，chromel之类……，所以一个网页的代码和构架未必能够符合所有的浏览器要求，通常在这个浏览器下显示正常，到另外一个下面就错位了，因此在修改模板的时候，常常要几个浏览器都测试一遍，全正常了才能用。忙碌这些东西真的是一件非常麻烦的事情，这也是为什么很多程序员28岁却長着張38岁的臉，失眠时常伴随左右。

这些东西都扯的有點远，我本身实在不是一个玩儿技术的人，就现在的能力，也仅仅能勉强个人自己使用而已。最早是自己看书，后来网路发达了，便会在网上看一些相关文章，但效果真的没有完完全全的去啃一本大书的好，因为非常不系统，都是些零碎的东西，使用起来也很困难。所以这里要转回来説外貌协会的事情，加入这个协会真的会拖累人。因为会员們对美的追求是永远没有上限的，于是就会用那种及其钻牛角尖的态度去审视一切 ，特别是出自于自己的作品，那种对自己苛刻的程度真的很可怕，而我也更愿意认为，这是精神洁癖的一种。正是这个原因的牵判，才使我始终不敢正式跨入单反摄影的行列。因为害怕这种会员的特质会将我拖进财政赤字的万劫不复深渊，一旦转变成器材发烧友，那可不是闹着玩的。其实我早已在门口徘徊，游走很久，始终未感轻易迈出那革命性的一步，这有去无回的一步是如此沉重。

现在甚至怀疑，如果当初学了网络设计开发制作或者诸如此类的相关专业，一定会比学播音主持专业更有前途。那么今天应该会是另外一副光景了，看看现在的网络传媒发展速度和规模，早已远超电视媒体。用不了多久电视媒体就会成为网路的附属及其补充，目前这一趋势已经初显端倪。尽管电视人不愿也不敢承认这一事实。但就凭这个行业里的整体质素和修养，大家还是应该实事求是的找块镜子照下，看清楚自己那副德性。

囧rz……

晚上睡不着的时候会越来越烦燥，凑巧遇到手机扔在床头，拿起来瞎按。看见很多遥远的名字，一条条删除，这些人之间长久没有联系，仅仅像个符号安静躺在那里，久而久之越变越多。清理过后发现剩余122条记录，在这之中还有些符号是有潜力被删除的。不过日后再说。

不太清楚其他人的通讯录里留下多少人名，真正时常联系究竟有多少。在我看来这122个名单里，存留了122段回忆，不愿或不忍删去。而删除的那些，也代表着各种回忆，只是它们在生命中不重要或不再重要，像飄過的浮云一样，允许就这样被丢弃。这一段段记忆的主人公囊括各式人物，帅哥，美女，大小领导，路人甲……，有在曾经工作学习中遇到的同龄，也有飞机上的聊客，更有夾着大尾巴总想在同龄人身上占点便宜的各种领导，他们在过去都因为各种原因留给了我电话，不过也像掉进河的树叶，扑腾几下就沉下去了。今时今日，都不該再为你们保留一席之地。因为现在开始渴求简单有效的交流圈。

不得不承认，在余下的122个符号里，有相当大一部分是因为始终无法忘却那份回忆而留下来的，尽管有些仅仅是鲜有联系。但在生命中始终占有一席之地。理所应当也会有一部分会像那些被删去的符号一样，只是暂时存在。但更大一部分将会长此以往的停留。和这些人的回忆无法简单的用快乐与不快乐来形容。只能说他们都在促进着成长过程中的变化与发展，我无法讲他们轻松的dele掉，每当看到他们的姓名时，更愿意努力回想起那段往昔的故事。

20多年前，生于柒月，巨蟹的性情中总是埋下有着凄美花朵的罂粟种，伴随身心一同成长，现在早已开的怒放，只是那折磨人的毒液也遍布全身，用小刀轻轻割开经络密布的外衣，噗的一下喷洒遍地，早已胀到如此饱满。希望刚刚割开的殇口不要那么快结痂，这样便能流淌不止，直到铺满整个地面。流淌中生命安安静静的枯竭。地板变成黑色。

柒月的生活气息总是和炎热的夏天格格不入，盛夏的季节却远没有寒冷的冬季焦躁不已。就连窗台下的草地里，都会在每天下午有只兔子来准时吃草。它的位置很好，不仅有丰富的食物，而且可以遮蔽阳光。只是偶尔两条好奇的狗吓的它惊悚半天，胆子很小。我常常会在午后拉开窗帘看它，柒月出生的人总是念念不忘。

最天真的年代里自己也养过兔子，全楼，全班，全小区都只有我养。毛很长的兔子，夏天拔毛以后才发现真的很瘦。却养了好久，第一次，这么久，让人觉得就像家人。后来送到爷爷家，因为有个大院子，不能每天一回家就看见了，但它还是我的兔子。最终是死在那个院子里的，血染红了新长出的白色长毛，在清晨通透的光线中显眼的很，脖子上有被咬过的痕迹。那时并没有太多情感上的起伏，很平静的在听大人们讨论是被什么咬死的，以及应该能吃的结果。生于柒月的人会在以后变得越来越细腻。

入手好几天的独唱团仅仅在送达当天随手翻了几页，便记住了那句：……平生第一次知道，原来头发也是可以被人踩的……。锋利的东西，是文字，也是刀锋。太纯粹的会在把玩过程中割伤自己。执拗除了因为环境的改造，也会伴随天生的成长，柒月就是这样的一个夏天。与生俱来，随性生长，矛头尖锐锐的对着外围，末端已经插入自己的身体，结果疼痛难忍的先认输了。

害怕柒月是因为总会令人想起下一个，在这一年的时间里面又将经历多少目不暇接，年岁的划分未必一定按照农历新年。这个月季依旧能成为最有代表性的分水岭。

Writing Task1

The graph below shows the unemployment rates in the US and Japan between March 1993 and March 1999.

According the graph shows that Unemployment rates highly reached 7% in US before Mar 93.This figure,however,always decline in the future.In Mar 1996 become 5.25% for work force.,after that the unemployment rates had been decreasing until Mar 98,this barely outpacing 5%.Although following have some wave motion,the rate maintain around 5%.By contrary,the situation of unemployment in Japan wasdifferent from Unite State,Before Mar 93 unemployment rates was low dramatically,but this trend had been rising for seven years.In spite of this the rates still under than US in Mar 96.Interestingly,the figure catch up after Mar 98.It thence appears that Japan’s unemployment rates were increasing year by year until 1998.After this the number remained stable similar to US.

In consequence,from Mar 93 to Mar 99,the unemployment rates of US and Japan were decreased and increased, respectively.

Writing Task2

Improvements in health,education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations.However,the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas.

To what extend do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

In present society,every nation pay attention to economic development involve development of poorer nations.They needed improve health,education and trade compare to industrial country,However,these countries always unable complete every aspect,thus some people propose the governments of richer nations should take more obligation for helping the poorer areas,In some respects,I agree this standpoint and analysis in below sections,.

Globalization contribute society developing for every countries,some disadvantage countries hope catch this chance to change situation of nation,in this process,however,not to be smooth sail when they adjustment policies.For example the disadvantage countries might lack enough money and technology.so advanced counties may provide some help.In the other hand,poorer nations would be accepted for environmental problem.This point can be confirmed by the example of a developing country,china.The government authority promote societal development that purchased at the price of liberty in the future.,because of the government official lack the of the acknowledge.Therefore,they must be learn some experience with industrial countries.The most important thing is developed countries had advance medical treatment,these skill could help poor nations’ population obtain more health of life if developed countries ready exchange experience.

Nevertheless,the responsibility were not endless.First of all,poor countries must had a attitude that is depend on themselves,meanwhile solve serious corruption. For instance Chinese government official often be found this problem.In my opinion poor countries’ peopler need skill,culture and so forth ranter than money,since teach skill of earn money were batter than give money directly,which nobody knows these money weather used in human services,especially in china.

In conclusion,how to help disadvantaged countries were a hard problem all the time,Worldwide required adequate method,and must be control degree.

交作业，

Writing Task1

The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing and industrialised counitries in 1980 and 1990.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

The three bar graphs above reflect the number of in education and sicience in developing and industrialised countries in 1980 and in 1990.It is so obvious every share in industrialised hugely more than developing countries both in 1980 and 1990,had made some salient points on this issue.

According to the first bar chart,developing countries only 2 years of schooling in education and science in 1980,yet that figure reached 8.5 years.For developing countries,upward trend slowly,increase 1 year merely,reached 3.5years.and developing countries had been 10.5years.in 1990.The second bar picture shows in developing and industrialise countries account for 10 and approximate 42 per 1000 people in 1980,.respectively.In 1990,this data rise gently,industrialised countries,however,shoot up 70 per 1000 people.Last chart means spending on research development,developing countries cost around 55billions in 1980,this number drop to approximate 30billions, in 1990.By contrary money of spending on research and development in industrialised countries jump significant grow 500billions It is over 100% increase.

Therefore,it can be clearly seen from the charts that all things of developed countries outclassed developing countries.

Writing Task2

In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work.Some people regard this as completely wrong,while others consider it as valuable work experience,important for learning and taking responsibility.

Do some kind of paid work for children is a double-edge sword,we analysis the issue would be attention merit and fault.Especially,In the day and age,economy and industry develop rapidly,thus people always only notice economic benefit rather than others.In this essay,I would discuss some solvent about this problem.

Adolescence different from adults,they often had some time after school.then junior hope engaged some money depend on themselves.Some folks think this completely wrong,maybe they believe the children be hurt with these activities.But others feel it as valuable work experience,important for learning and taking obligate.In my opinion,second point rather than previous.In first view,I disagree a world"completely".First,everything should not be negative entirely,join some society work could help people to get experience and engaged some money to increase income of family,improve life quality.Secondly,children could learn much acknowledge beside in classroom.Of course more job activities could help expend circle of society,that offer the children a chance to contract the society and get some ideal of the society.For participate paid work, foremost,children obtain much communication ability,which is benefit to every children in the future..

In the other hand we must have some attention for this problem,for example employ children need complies with relevant law in local country,according some nation’s law,make use of young worker must be over 18 years,meanwhile should pay at least wages standard that country rules.In fact the most important thing was hard learn as a youth.Although some students want to across labor win some money,they should know clearly what is the most things now.The better is join work before had completed homework.

Overall,children are able to do some paid work when conditions permit.

今天的作业依旧花费超长时间，目前情况一大一小两篇作文需要分开两天写，不然脑子很吃紧。如果有一天能够轻松在一小时內完成两篇，那大概可以对现阶段的学习有一个交代，不知道30篇大小作文之后能是怎样一个程度，毕竟这么熬下去是誰都无法消耗了的。

Writing Task1:

The chart below shows the amount spent on six consumer goods in four European countries.

Write a report for a university lecutrer describing the information shown below.

The bar chart above reflect the spend of six consumer goods in four European countries.According to the informational in the graph,personal stereos,tennis racquets,perfumes,CDs,toys and  photographic film from Germany,Italy,France and Britain.

As is seen from the graph,it is clear that Germany were cost of six goods nearly, In Italy,however,inhabitant seem to like toys rather than others..And photographic film were most popular with French person..Now let us analyse data of Britain in this chart.It is obviously,Photographic film occupy maximum share with other goods,and interestingly,this nation was biggest consumer in every goods.

By contrast,Germany were spend a minimum of photographic film,only around 147 thousands pounds sterling.Secondly,Italy and Fance both cost of toys approximate 158 thousand pounds..Although British spend much money in photographic film,reached 165 thousand pounds, yet the same figure with personal stereos and tennis racquets.Finally,in this bar chart,I found France was not maximum customer about perfumes,in spite of it was the famous goods in this nation,maybe because of perfume was cheaper than other five consumer goods.

Writing Task2:

When a country develops its technology,the traditional skills and ways of life die out.It is pointless to try and keep them alive.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

Nowadays,the tempo of life has accelerated and population always pursue maximum profit,offspring would obtain much economic value,often to abandon tradition skills of ancestors.Personally,I disagree this point that is pointless to try and keep traditional skills in order to develop technology.In this essay,I will discussion this issue and speak my opinion.

It is a well-know fact that country pressure increase gradually as population explosion.Every cournty need much higher,faster,and batter technology to promote society advance.Just because of this these country spend great amount of money,time,manpower for modern technologys.Under the circumstance,traditional skills was forgot gradually,Maybe,people found benefit of these activities in recent years.In fact we lost horizon when look around.In fact we have not benefit from technology develop. I believe tradition skill to reflect some local culture even country image,we should protect them rather than abandon.In the other hand traditional skills could provide much invaluable experience to modern technology.According elder’s experience we can obtain more acknowledge.

In the other hand,traditional skills had more merit for current society.For example,in terms of traditional handcraft regard with great favor in some touri attraction.These goods could become source of income in local government.Secondly,traditional culture include skills,acknowledge and culture were protect in every developed countries,thus traditional skills exchange could improve countries relationship with each others..

On the basis of the above factors ,although so many people concentrate their attention on lastest technology,the traditional skills important,equivalently.Because of it contribute our economic and society development,while represent nation image and culture.we should not despise traditional skills’ study and development.It can supply motion with our modern technology.

写出来总找不到人修改是一个很大问题。

第1次发写作练习，总需要翻书和查阅电子词典，以找寻想表达的句子，否则脑子里一团乱麻，在这种情况下时间当然无法控制的住，大小作文各一篇。过程很吃力，真是痛苦。因为是作文所以直接貼出我写的内容并不再转译为中文。

Write Task1

The charts below show the number of Japanese tourists travelling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and Australia’s share of the Japanese tourist market.

It is clear from the bar graphic above that the Japanese visitors travelling abroad from 1985 to 1995,while the next picture reflect some information about Australia’s share of Japan’s tourist market,according to the line graph above.

In 1985 the amount of Japanese tourists travelling abroad was around 5 millions,and this number rose to 5.5 millions in 1986.The trend keep increased until 1990.The figures rather more then twice the tourists’ number of 1985,reached around 11 millions.Japanese tourists travelling abroad ,after this, have a slight fell to 10.5 millions approximately.,in 1991.Between 1992 to 1995,the figure of Japanese tourists had continued to rose,especially 1995(about 15 millions).

If you look closer at the line graph we can discern that the Japanese coming to Australia trend.,with 1985 only had 2% population of Japan’s tourists.After 1985 the figure had been a steady climb,except a litter fell back after a rise in 1989 and in 1994.Apparently,In this decade(1985-1995),apparently, an increasing number of Japanese people favorite coming to Australia during their leisure time.

Write Task2

Popular events like the football World Cup and other international sporting occasions are essential in easing international tensions and releasing patriotic emotions in a safe way.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

We often understand some international news about world situation from television or newspaper.Although majority counties love peace,some areas still had much violent conflict.Equally some sporting match could releasing patriotic emotions for local population in a fit way,

It is generally accepted that some international organization in order to easing international tensions always to hold various sporting race.For example the football Word Cup,Olympic Games or other sporting occasion.which activities provide positive purpose.Maybe restricted to a particular condition,two countries less communication each other,maybe they had been looking for suitable chance or  how to enter to dialogue with nervous relationship.Nevertheless,a match of sporting would change everything.According sportsman communication with each other,which bring relaxed and confident. In the other hand every nation had unique sport culture that is different from each other,so more and more sport exchange would promote culture integration and synthesis.It is benefits to keep good relationship with others.

Indubitability,international sporting occasions can be good for releasing patriotic emotions in a safe way.Every match of international,population always encourage own country,Their attention would be attracted with competition field and not used some mistake way to wreak emotion.Of course,there are many parts of sporting which cross natural boundaries,different national could support different counties,also.Instead of North Korea football player’s tears moving all of the word in 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa.As a result so many people encourage this mysterious nation.In spite of North Korea in trouble because of nuclear issue.

Overall,it seems to me international sporting occasion is a good way to solve some embarrassed problem in this world,and make use of sports fascination contribute international relationship and development.

Orginal Text:

Cheney has a history of heart problems and has a pacemaker. Cheney has had four heart attacks [current as of Feb. 22, 2010], starting when he was 37. He has had quadruple bypass surgery and two artery-clearing angioplasties. In 2001, he had a special pacemaker implanted in his chest. The pacemaker’s battery was replaced in 2008, and then the entire device was replaced.

A summary of Vice President Dick Cheney’s heart problems:

- 1978: Cheney’s first heart attack. A spokesperson for Vice President Cheney tells FOX the VP stopped smoking after his first heart attack, contrary to preliminary reports.

- 1984: His second heart attack.

- 1988: After suffering his third heart attack, Cheney had quadruple bypass surgery in August to clear clogged arteries.

- Nov. 22, 2000: Cheney suffered what doctors called a "very slight" heart attack – his fourth. He underwent an angioplasty that day to open a clogged artery.

- March 5, 2001: Cheney went to George Washington University Hospital after feeling chest pains. Doctors performed another angioplasty to reopen the artery that had been opened in November. They implanted a stent, a little metal scaffolding, to prop open the almost completely blocked artery.

- June 29, 2001: Cheney disclosed he had been experiencing irregular heart rhythms and would check into a hospital on June 30 for tests that may lead to the implant of a pacemaker to restore normal rhythm. Since the heart attack in November 2000, Cheney said he regularly exercised for 30 minutes on a treadmill and watches his diet. He was taking medication to lower his cholesterol.

- November 13, 2004: Cheney underwent three hours of tests after experiencing shortness of breath. His wife said Cheney had nothing more than a bad cold and his heart was fine.

- Sept. 24, 2005: Cheney underwent successful, elective, minimally invasive, endovascular repair of arterial aneurysms behind his right and left knees. Small aneurysms were identified behind both knees during the Vice President’s annual physical examination in July.

- Jan. 9, 2006: Cheney was hospitalized for four and a half hours due to shortness of breath. Doctors found his EKG unchanged, and determined Cheney was retaining fluid because of medication he was taking for a foot problem.

- March 5, 2007: An ultrasound revealed a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or blood clot in Cheney’s left lower leg. His doctors planned to treat him with blood thinning medication for several months.

- November 26, 2007: Cheney went to his doctors complaining of a lingering cough, but during the checkup they determined that he was experiencing atrial fibrillation, an abnormal rhythm involving the upper chambers of the heart. His medical team sent the vice president to George Washington University Hospital for further tests, where it was decided that the electrical impulse was needed to restore a regular heartbeat. "The procedure went smoothly and without complication," the vice president’s office said in a statement issued by the White House.

- Oct. 15, 2008 — Cheney was treated "without complication" for an abnormal heartbeat, his office said, making a short visit to a hospital to restore his normal rhythm with an electric shock. It was the second time in less than a year that Cheney, then 67, had experienced and been treated for an atrial fibrillation, an abnormal rhythm involving the upper chambers of the heart. He went to George Washington University Hospital in the afternoon for treatment. The process took nearly two hours.

- Nov.8, 2008 — Doctors scanned Cheney’s legs on to evaluate arthritis in his knees.

- Feb. 17, 2009 — Cheney underwent elective back surgery. He underwent the operation at George Washington University Hospital to deal with lumbar spinal stenosis, a common cause of lower back pain in older adults. Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal — the passage for the spinal cord — which in turn puts pressure on nerves, causing pain. Surgery is done to widen the passage and ease that pressure, typically by removing a bit of the vertebra. Dr. Anthony Caputy, chairman of the hospital’s neurosurgery department, performed the operation.

- September 17, 2009: Cheney went to The George Washington University Hospital for elective surgery to deal with lumbar spinal stenosis. Dr. Anthony Caputy, Chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery, was scheduled to perform the operation.

- Feb. 22, 2010 — Cheney was hospitalized after experiencing chest pains. The next day his office disclosed that lab testing had revealed evidence of a mild heart attack. He underwent a stress test and a heart catheterization. He was said to be feeling good and was expecting to be discharged in one or two days.

原文地址：http://www.foxnews.com/us/2010/06/25/raw-data-dick-cheneys-health-issues/ 

Interpret:

Cheney 有心脏病史并有一个心脏起搏器，从他37岁开始Cheney曾發過4次病（最近一次是在2010.2.22），他有过心脏搭桥手术和两个动脉结算血管修复术。2001年，他的胸腔里安装了一个特殊的心脏起搏器，起搏器的电池在2008年被更换，之后整个装置被替换。

副总统Dick Cheney的心脏问题摘要：

1978：Cheney的第一次心脏病。Cheney的发言人告诉FOX，与初步报告相反的，副总统已经在第一次心脏病之后停止吸烟。

1984：第2次心脏病发作。

1988：在遭受第3次心脏病之后，Cheney 在8月进行心脏搭桥手术，清除动脉梗塞。

2000.11.22:.在他40岁时，医生说Cheney经历一次很轻微的心脏病，他进行一次血管修复术，以打通动脉阻塞。

2001.5.5:Cheney 感觉胸腔疼痛后去到华盛顿大学医院，医生再次进行进行曾在11月疏通过的血管阻塞，他们植入一个金属架以维持几乎完全阻塞的动脉。

2001.6.29：Cheney说他的心脏跳动不正常，并于30号入院检查，也许会植入心脏起搏器讓心跳正常。自从2000年12月的心脏病之后，Cheney说他定时在跑步机上进行30分钟的运动并注意饮食。他一直使用药物降低胆固醇。

2004.11.13.：Cheney在简单的呼吸运动之后进行3个小时的检查，她老婆说Cheney只不过是一场重感冒，他的心脏很好。

2005.9.24.：Cheney 进行了次成功的，血管瘤手术，在他的左右膝盖下。在他每年的身体检查中被发现左右膝盖的血管瘤。

2006.1.9.：Cheney由于呼吸不足，被送往医院4个半小时，医生发现他的心电图没有改变，决定让他住院，由于药物使他的腳有些问题。

2007.5.5.: 一份超声波显示，一个深度静脉血栓或者血块凝结在Cheney的小腿低处，他的医生计划减轻几个月的药物。

2007.11.26.：Cheney向医生抱怨总是咳嗽，经过检查确定是由于心房颤动，包括不正常的心房上庭节奏，他的医疗队把副总统送往华盛顿大学医院做进一步的检查，并决定电脉冲，以恢复正常的心率，副总统的官员在白宫发表声明：“手术过程很顺畅，没有并发症。”

2008.10.15.:他的官员说：Cheney被告知对于非正常心跳的电击，没有产生并发症，需要在医院进行短期观察。这是Cheney在不到1年的时间里面第2次了，当时67岁，之前已经经历一个心房纤维颤动手术。他在下午前往华盛顿大学医院，过程大概2小时。

2008.11.8.：医生扫描Cheney的大腿，以评估膝盖上的关节炎。

2009.2.17.：Cheney接受背部手术。手术在华盛顿大学医院进行，以解决腰椎压迫，通常由于年纪大而引起的疼痛。腰椎压迫是通过腰椎移动压迫到神经，引起疼痛，手术通过移除一些脊椎骨增加空间，神经外科主任Anthony Caputy 操刀。

2009.9.17.：Cheney前往华盛顿大学医院进行脊椎动脉手术，Dr. Anthony Caputy被安排操刀。

2010.2.22.：Cheney因胸腔疼痛就医，第2天他的官员透露测试显示出是一次心脏病发作。他进行了压力测试和心脏导管术，他说目前感觉良好，并希望能在一两天后出院。